The 9th Legion, also known as the Legio IX Hispana, was one of the most renowned Roman legions, particularly famous for its role in Britain during the Roman occupation. The fate of the 9th Legion, and the story of whether it was withdrawn from Britain or met a more mysterious end, remains a subject

Sutcliff’s portrayal of the Roman army in The Eagle of the Ninth is grounded in known historical facts. Roman legions were highly disciplined and well-organized, and Sutcliff accurately captures the routine of a Roman officer, the training and tactics of the army, and the significance of the e

The Eagle of the Ninth is a historical novel written by Rosemary Sutcliff, first published in 1954. Set during Roman Britain, the book tells the story of a young Roman officer, Marcus Flavius Aquila, and his quest to recover the lost standard, the Eagle, of the Ninth Legion, which mysteriously vanis

Despite centuries of research, no definitive archaeological evidence has been found to conclusively explain the disappearance of Legio IX Hispana. Roman historians, such as Cassius Dio, make brief references to the legion's absence, but there is little clarity about what happened. Archaeologi